In Vitro and In Vivo effects of vitamin E when added before or after exposure to UV

The interaction of ultraviolet radiation with biological matter results in direct DNA damage and in indirect damage provoked by the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) catalyzed by photo-sensitizers.
Direct damage and indirect damage trigger a peroxidative cascade in the cytoskeleton and in membrane lipids, that can extend to thousands of molecular modifications per absorbed photon.
Superoxide and Singlet Oxygen are the main ROS that need to be tackled: this review describes some of the effects of Vitamin E on the molecular, biochemical, cellular and clinical consequences of exposure of cells and skin to UV radiation.